Developing a reduced order model for pulsatile blood flow simulations using minimal three-dimensional simulation...

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Physiology
• Computational Fluid Dynamics
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Pulsatile blood flow simulations are crucial for cardiovascular research but computationally expensive.
• Existing reduced-order models (ROMs) often rely on empirical parameters, limiting accuracy in patient-specific geometries.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce a novel 1D ROM for pulsatile blood flow.
• To minimize empirical assumptions by deriving model parameters from 3D simulation data.
• To achieve high accuracy and computational efficiency in complex cardiovascular geometries.

Main Methods:

• Developed a 1D ROM by fitting parameters to 3D simulation data.
• Validated the 1D ROM against 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations.
• Tested the model on an idealized stenosis, a coarcted aorta, and a coronary artery model.

Main Results:

• Achieved mean relative errors below 2.0% across all tested geometries.
• Demonstrated superior performance compared to an empirical stenosis model in complex cases.
• Provided computational speeds up to 3000 times faster than 3D simulations.

Conclusions:

• The 1D ROM offers a robust combination of accuracy and computational efficiency.
• This approach effectively leverages 3D data to overcome limitations of traditional ROMs.
• The model is suitable for clinical applications, optimization, and uncertainty quantification.