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Locoregional Treatment Options for Locally Advanced Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Alex B Blair1, Wilson M Alobuia1, Manisha Palta2
11Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH.
Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN
|August 14, 2025
Summary
Locoregional therapies offer vital treatment options for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), improving survival and local control when surgery is not possible. These liver-directed treatments aim to manage advanced ICC effectively.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Oncology
- Interventional Radiology
Background:
- Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive liver cancer.
- Most patients present with unresectable disease, necessitating alternative treatments.
- Locoregional tumor control is crucial for managing complications and improving survival in advanced ICC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in locoregional treatment options for unresectable ICC.
- To highlight the use and outcomes of various liver-directed therapies.
- To explore guidelines for selecting patients for these treatments.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on locoregional therapies for unresectable ICC.
- Analysis of treatment modalities including transarterial chemoembolization, transarterial radioembolization (Y-90), hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, external-beam radiation therapy, and liver transplantation.
- Examination of patient selection criteria and associated outcomes.
Main Results:
- Locoregional therapies can prolong survival and enhance local control in unresectable ICC.
- These treatments may downstage tumors, potentially making them resectable.
- Effective patient selection is key to optimizing outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Liver-directed therapies are essential for managing unresectable ICC.
- Advancements in locoregional treatments offer promising outcomes for patients.
- Further research and refined guidelines are needed for optimal patient management.
