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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

In Vitro Growth of Mouse Preantral Follicles Under Simulated Microgravity
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Cellular changes in an in vitro neural circuit system under simulated microgravity.

Dahee Ryu1, Dohyung Kim2, Yoonhee Shim1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, South Korea; Inha Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, South Korea.

Acta Biomaterialia
|August 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Simulated microgravity (sμG) increases oxidative stress and alters neural circuit dynamics. This study highlights risks to neural function during spaceflight and the utility of neural circuit microphysiological systems (MPS) for research.

Keywords:
Neural circuitmicrophysiological systemprimary neuronsimulated microgravityspace environment

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Space Physiology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Spaceflight induces physiological changes, potentially causing neurological alterations and cognitive decline.
  • The specific impact of microgravity on neural circuits in vitro remains poorly understood.
  • Existing research lacks methods to isolate microgravity's effects from other spaceflight factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of simulated microgravity (sμG) on neural circuit dynamics.
  • To utilize a novel neural circuit microphysiological system (MPS) for in vitro analysis.
  • To identify specific molecular and cellular changes induced by sμG.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered a unidirectional neural circuit MPS with primary rat neurons.
  • Cultured neurons under terrestrial conditions for two weeks to establish connectivity.
  • Exposed cultures to either ground conditions or sμG for one week using a rotating clinostat.

Main Results:

  • sμG exposure significantly increased oxidative stress and spontaneous Ca²⁺ activity.
  • Axonal density and synapsin-1 expression were markedly reduced under sμG.
  • Transcriptomic analysis revealed altered expression of HSPA4 and SNCA genes.

Conclusions:

  • Neural circuit MPSs are effective platforms for studying microgravity's neurobiological effects.
  • sμG negatively impacts neural circuit function, increasing oxidative stress and altering neuronal connectivity.
  • Findings underscore the need for countermeasures against space-induced neural dysfunction and highlight MPS utility for drug testing.