Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

5.1K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
5.1K
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

3.2K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
3.2K
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

62
Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
62
Target Cell Response to Hormones01:22

Target Cell Response to Hormones

3.5K
Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
3.5K
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

5.9K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
5.9K
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

688
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
688

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Beyond metastases: a mechanism-based guide to misleading ¹³¹I uptake on whole-body scintigraphy.

Annals of nuclear medicine·2026
Same author

Terbium-161 might be superior to lutetium-177 for oligometastases - Authors' reply.

The Lancet. Oncology·2026
Same author

Theranostic Approaches to Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Narrative Review.

Cancers·2026
Same author

ProGRP dynamics as a prognostic predictor in advanced medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine·2026
Same author

Evaluation of PET/CT Artificial Intelligence Image Reconstructions VS Harmonized Clinical Reconstruction.

Zeitschrift fur medizinische Physik·2026
Same author

Procalcitonin Doubling Time for Postoperative Monitoring of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Comparative Kinetic Analysis.

Clinical endocrinology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
04:14

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

Published on: October 6, 2023

970

Higher thyroid hormone levels and cancer.

Petra Petranović Ovčariček1, Alfredo Campennì2, Rosaria Maddalena Ruggeri3

  • 1Department of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, Zagreb, Croatia; School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.

Vitamins and Hormones
|August 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Elevated thyroid hormone levels, including triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), are linked to increased cancer risk and poorer outcomes. Promptly restoring normal thyroid function (euthyroidism) is crucial for cancer patients.

Keywords:
Cancer mortalityCancer prognosisCancer riskHyperthyroidismRadioiodineThyrotropinThyroxineTriiodothyronine

More Related Videos

In Vivo Inhibition of MicroRNA to Decrease Tumor Growth in Mice
07:02

In Vivo Inhibition of MicroRNA to Decrease Tumor Growth in Mice

Published on: August 23, 2019

7.4K
An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
07:01

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: April 17, 2013

21.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
04:14

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

Published on: October 6, 2023

970
In Vivo Inhibition of MicroRNA to Decrease Tumor Growth in Mice
07:02

In Vivo Inhibition of MicroRNA to Decrease Tumor Growth in Mice

Published on: August 23, 2019

7.4K
An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
07:01

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: April 17, 2013

21.2K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Thyroid hormones influence cancer cell growth, proliferation, and metastasis.
  • Higher thyroid hormone levels and/or lower thyrotropin (TSH) levels are associated with increased cancer risk and poorer prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize research on the correlation between hyperthyroidism and cancer risk/prognosis.
  • To discuss the diagnosis, management, and treatment of hyperthyroidism in cancer patients.
  • To highlight the importance of euthyroidism and radioiodine therapy in cancer care.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in-vitro, in-vivo, and population-based studies.
  • Analysis of data on triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyrotropin (TSH) levels in relation to cancer.
  • Discussion of clinical management strategies for hyperthyroidism in cancer patients.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests a link between elevated thyroid hormones and adverse cancer outcomes.
  • Sparse but significant data indicate an increased risk of malignancies with higher thyroid hormone levels.
  • Hyperthyroidism management is critical for optimizing cancer patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Restoring euthyroidism is essential for cancer patients with hyperthyroidism.
  • Radioiodine (RAI) therapy is a priority for definitive hyperthyroidism treatment in this population.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex relationship between thyroid hormones and cancer.