[Progress on the Migration Mechanism and Toxic Effects of Nanoplastics in Terrestrial Plants]

Nanoplastics are widely distributed in soil as an emerging environmental contaminant. Recently, the effects of nanoplastics on terrestrial plants have gained significant attention. The mechanisms through which terrestrial plants absorb and transport nanoplastics include surface adsorption, intercellular transport, cleavage uptake, and stomatal uptake. Accumulation of nanoplastics in plants leads to growth retardation, inhibition of photosynthesis, and oxidative damage. At the molecular level, nanoplastics affect plant transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics. The uptake, transport, and adverse effects of nanoplastics in terrestrial plants is a complex process influenced by factors like nanoplastic particle size, surface charge, and physical-chemical properties. We aim to summarize the progress in research on nanoplastics and terrestrial plant interactions and provide future research directions based on existing knowledge gaps.