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Epidemiological pattern of cleft lip and palate under Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram project in the state of Bihar:
Shria Datta1, Veena Kumari Singh1
1Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.
Insights
This study assessed cleft lip and palate cases in Bihar, finding patterns similar to other Indian regions. The Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) program ensures affordable treatment for children.
Area of Science:
- Craniofacial anomalies
- Public health
- Pediatric surgery
Background:
- Limited literature exists on cleft lip and palate (CLP) incidence in Bihar, India.
- This gap hinders understanding the status of CLP patients in the region.
- The Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) program aims to provide health services for children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the pattern of cleft lip and palate cases in Bihar.
- To analyze demographic distribution and types of clefts reported at a major cleft center.
- To understand the impact of the RBSK program on cleft patient care.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted over one month.
- Inclusion criteria: patients under 5 years with cleft lip and/or palate, attending a tertiary care center in Bihar.
- Data collected from outpatients and inpatients in the plastic surgery department.
Main Results:
- The demographic distribution included 16% cleft lip, 46% cleft palate, and 30% cleft lip with cleft palate.
- Bilateral cases constituted 42% of all cases.
- The overall male to female ratio was 3:2, with variations across specific cleft types.
Conclusions:
- The incidence and distribution of CLP in Bihar align with findings from other Indian studies.
- The RBSK program facilitates access to affordable treatment for underprivileged cleft patients in Bihar.
- This study highlights the importance of regional data collection for public health initiatives.
Purpose:
There is a paucity of literature on the incidence and distribution of cleft lip and palate cases in the population of Bihar leading to an unmeasured gap in the status of cleft patients in this part of the country. The present study assessed the pattern of cleft cases in the community reported at the largest cleft center in the state under Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK).
Methodology:
The study was a questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study conducted over one month at a tertiary care center in Bihar. It included all patients with cleft lip and palate, below the age of 5 years, either isolated or combined, attending the OPD or admitted to the ward in the plastic surgery department.
Results:
The demographic distribution of cleft lip patients included 16% cleft lip, 6% cleft lip with alveolus, 2% microform, 46% cleft palate, and 30% cleft lip with cleft palate. Bilateral cases contributed to 42% of all cases. Male to female ratio was 3:2 with a ratio of 5:3 in cleft lip, 2:1 in cleft lip with alveolus, 0:1 in microform, 12:11 in cleft palate, and 11:4 in cleft lip with palate patients, respectively.
Conclusion:
The incidence and distribution of cleft lip and palate were found to be similar to the studies done in other parts of India. Registration of cleft cases under the RBSK project of the central government has led to affordable treatment for poor patients in the state of Bihar.
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