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Blinding

Blinding

Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.

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Phototherapy with Topical Minoxidil in Vitiligo: A Randomized Control Trial.

Sejal Bajoria¹, Chakravarthi R Srinivas¹, Nithya Satish²

¹Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Indian Dermatology Online Journal

|August 15, 2025

Summary

Topical minoxidil combined with phototherapy significantly enhances vitiligo repigmentation. This combination treatment led to a greater reduction in the vitiligo area and severity index (VASI) compared to phototherapy alone.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Photomedicine
Dermatopathology

Background:

Phototherapy is a primary treatment for vitiligo, stimulating repigmentation via melanocyte migration from hair follicles.
Melanocyte activity, crucial for repigmentation, is enhanced during the anagen phase of the hair cycle.
Minoxidil is known to prolong the anagen phase, potentially increasing melanocyte availability for repigmentation.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of topical minoxidil in augmenting phototherapy-induced repigmentation in vitiligo patients.
To compare the rate of pigment restoration using minoxidil plus phototherapy versus phototherapy with a placebo.

Main Methods:

A double-blinded, randomized controlled study involving 30 vitiligo patients with at least two affected patches.
One patch was treated with 5% topical minoxidil solution, while the other received a vehicle placebo.
Both patches were subjected to phototherapy, with the vitiligo area and severity index (VASI) assessed at baseline and weeks 4, 8, and 12.

Main Results:

The minoxidil group showed a significant reduction in VASI score from 94 ± 9.68% to 47.76 ± 17.25% over 12 weeks.
The placebo group experienced a VASI score reduction from 94 ± 9.68% to 67.93 ± 16.88%.
The reduction in VASI was statistically greater in the minoxidil group (P < 0.001), with significant differences in physician and patient global assessments.

Conclusions:

Concomitant application of topical minoxidil with phototherapy significantly accelerates repigmentation in vitiligo.
The combination therapy leads to a more substantial decrease in the vitiligo area and severity index (VASI).
While promising, the study's small sample size and short follow-up necessitate further investigation.