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Repurposing nitazoxanide in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial
Eman M Ghonaim1, Osama M Ibrahim2, Sahar K Hegazy2
1Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. eman.ghonim@pharm.tanta.edu.eg.
Endocrine
|August 15, 2025
Summary
Nitazoxanide (NTZ) may reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes patients. However, this study found no significant improvements in glycemic control when NTZ was added to metformin-vildagliptin.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Pharmacology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- Preclinical studies suggest nitazoxanide (NTZ) acts as a PPAR-γ agonist, indicating potential benefits for type 2 diabetes.
- Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased inflammation and oxidative stress.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the tolerability and preliminary effects of NTZ as an add-on therapy to metformin-vildagliptin in type 2 diabetes patients.
- To assess the impact of NTZ on glycemic control and key inflammatory biomarkers.
Main Methods:
- A pilot trial involving 88 patients with type 2 diabetes, treated with metformin-vildagliptin.
- Patients were randomized into a control group and an NTZ group (500 mg twice daily) for three months.
- Primary outcomes included HbA1c and fasting blood glucose; secondary outcomes involved inflammatory markers like IL-6, HMGB-1, asprosin, and MDA.
Main Results:
- NTZ significantly reduced levels of IL-6, HMGB-1, asprosin, and MDA compared to the control group.
- The NTZ group showed decreased IL-6 and HMGB-1, while these markers increased in the control group.
- No significant differences in HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, or fasting insulin were observed between the groups.
Conclusions:
- Nitazoxanide may help alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes.
- NTZ did not demonstrate significant improvements in glycemic parameters when used as an add-on therapy.
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