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Clinical Characteristics and 1-Year Response in Rheumatic Mexican Patients Using JAK Inhibitors: Data From

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Summary

Mexican patients on Janus kinase inhibitors (JAK-i) showed significant disease activity reduction within the first year. Most adverse events were non-severe, with no reported malignancies or thrombosis, though JAK-i withdrawal was common for nonmedical reasons.

Keywords:
JAK inhibitorsbDMARDsepidemiologyreal-world datarheumatic diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Janus kinase inhibitors (JAK-i) are increasingly used for inflammatory conditions.
  • Real-world data on JAK-i use in diverse populations like Mexico is limited.
  • Understanding treatment response and safety profiles in specific demographics is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate clinical features and first-year treatment response of JAK-i in Mexican patients.
  • To determine the frequency and severity of adverse events associated with JAK-i.
  • To compare outcomes of tofacitinib, baricitinib, and upadacitinib in a real-world setting.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Mexican Adverse Events Registry (BIOBADAMEX) from 2022-2024.
  • Included 222 patients treated with tofacitinib, baricitinib, or upadacitinib.
  • Assessed treatment efficacy by comparing baseline and 1-year disease activity scores (DAS28, BASDAI).

Main Results:

  • Significant reduction in disease activity scores (DAS28, BASDAI) within the first year of JAK-i treatment (p=0.001).
  • Most common diagnosis was rheumatoid arthritis (77%); 68% had comorbidities.
  • Reported 65 non-severe adverse events, including one herpes zoster case; no malignancies or thrombosis observed.

Conclusions:

  • JAK-i initiation in Mexican patients occurred at an older age with lower prior biologic use compared to literature.
  • Nonmedical reasons were the primary cause for JAK-i withdrawal.
  • JAK-i demonstrated a favorable safety profile with non-severe adverse events in this cohort.