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S-palmitoylation: An oily modification guardinggenome stability.

Xiyuan Zheng1, Xinying Wu2, Lei Wang3

  • 1Shenzhen University General Hospital-Dehua Hospital Joint Research Center on Precision Medicine (sgh-dhhCPM), Dehua Hospital, Dehua 362500, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Carson International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China.

DNA Repair
|August 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

S-palmitoylation, a lipid modification, is crucial for maintaining genome stability by regulating DNA repair and replication. Dysregulation of this process can lead to genomic instability and cancer, suggesting therapeutic potential.

Keywords:
CancerDNA damage responseGenomic instabilityPalmitoylation

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • S-palmitoylation is a reversible post-translational lipid modification.
  • It is catalyzed by palmitoyltransferases (PATs) and reversed by acyl-protein thioesterases (APTs).
  • This modification impacts protein stability, function, trafficking, and membrane interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of S-palmitoylation in maintaining genome stability.
  • To explore the link between dysregulated palmitoylation and genomic instability in cancer.
  • To discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting palmitoylation for cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on S-palmitoylation and genome stability.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms by which S-palmitoylation affects DNA repair, replication, and stress responses.
  • Examination of evidence linking aberrant palmitoylation to chromosomal instability and oncogenesis.

Main Results:

  • S-palmitoylation regulates key cellular processes, including DNA repair and replication fork dynamics.
  • Impaired palmitoylation cycles disrupt the replication stress response, leading to genomic instability.
  • Genomic instability driven by dysregulated palmitoylation is implicated in cancer development.

Conclusions:

  • S-palmitoylation plays a critical role in maintaining genome integrity.
  • Aberrant palmitoylation cycles contribute to oncogenesis through genomic instability.
  • Targeting S-palmitoylation pathways may offer a novel therapeutic strategy against cancer.