Updated insights on memory disorder associated risk of medication: A real-world pharmacovigilance analysis

This study aims to use the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to identify medications linked to memory disorders and to offer updated insights into medication-induced memory disorders.

We analyzed adverse event (AE) reports related to memory disorders in the FAERS database from 2004 to 2023 and compiled a list of potential medications along with their associated AEs. The disproportionality analysis was employed to assess the potential associations between medications and memory disorder events.

The study identified 194,754 memory-related AEs in the FAERS database, revealing a higher prevalence in females (62.11 %) compared to males (32.76 %). A comprehensive medication list was summarized, comprising 374 potential medications that may contribute to memory disorders. The top 50 medications linked to memory impairment, amnesia, and dementia have been compiled and categorized accordingly. Overall, immunosuppressants represented the medication category with the highest incidence of AEs, followed by immunostimulants, other analgesics and antipyretics, antiepileptics, insulins, antidepressants, angiotensin II receptor blockers, antipsychotics, and lipid-modifying agents. The median time-to-onset (TTO) of memory-related AEs was 59 days (interquartile range [IQR] 1-503), with most medications exhibiting early failure types as determined by the Weibull shape parameter (WSP) analysis. The medications most frequently linked to memory disorders in minors were montelukast, atomoxetine, methylphenidate, lamotrigine, zanamivir, and somatropin.

This study presents a comprehensive overview of medications that induce memory disorder from a pharmacovigilance perspective, may offering certain references for clinical practice. However, further research is required necessary to elucidate these associations.