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"The association of cardiometabolic diseases and related medications with cognitive performance: a cross-sectional
Bartłomiej K Sołtysik1, Anna Cieślak-Skubel2, Agnieszka Gutowska2
1Department of Geriatrics, Healthy Ageing Research Centre (HARC), Medical University of Lodz, Haller Sqr. No. 1, Lodz, 90-647, Poland. bartlomiej.soltysik@umed.lodz.pl.
Insights
Cardiometabolic diseases and their treatments impact cognitive function. Certain medications, like angiotensin II receptor antagonists, may support cognitive health, warranting further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology and Public Health
- Cardiology
- Neurology
Background:
- Global population aging and rising rates of cardiometabolic diseases and dementia present significant public health challenges.
- Research is actively exploring the intricate relationship between cardiovascular health and cognitive decline.
- Cardiometabolic medications, known for vascular benefits, are under scrutiny for their effects on cognition and dementia risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between cardiometabolic diseases, their treatments, and cognitive function in a Polish population.
- To identify specific cardiometabolic conditions and medications linked to cognitive performance.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 1735 individuals from Central Poland.
- Assessment of cardiometabolic diseases, treatments, and cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
- MMSE scores were dichotomized into scores >= 24 (normal) and < 24 (impaired).
Main Results:
- Age and stroke were significantly associated with worse cognitive function (lower MMSE scores).
- Insulin usage correlated with an increased risk of impaired cognition.
- Body Mass Index (BMI), lipid disorders, calcium channel blockers, alpha-blockers, and angiotensin II receptor antagonists were associated with normal cognitive function.
Conclusions:
- A complex interplay exists between cardiometabolic disorders, their treatments, and cognitive functioning.
- A personalized approach to prescribing cardiovascular medications is crucial, considering potential cognitive health implications.
- Angiotensin II receptor antagonists show promise and warrant further research regarding their role in cognitive health.
Introduction:
Global ageing, the rising prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases and dementia becomes increasingly important public health topic. This relation has evoked extensive research efforts aimed at finding the link between cardiovascular health and cognitive decline. Cardiometabolic medications, widely prescribed for their beneficial effects on vascular health, are being closely examined for their potential influence on cognitive health and their capacity to modify the risk of dementia.
Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 1735 individuals from Central Poland were investigated on cardiometabolic diseases, treatments, and cognitive function. Cognitive performance was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) dichotomized to ≥ 24 points and < 24 points.
Results:
The logistic regression revealed a strong association between age (OR:1.07, 95% CI 1.05-1.08, p < 0.001) and stroke (OR:1.43, 95% CI 1.30-1.84, p < 0.001) with worse MMSE dichotomized score. Similarly, insulin usage was linked to an increased risk of low MMSE (OR:1.33, 95%CI: 1.06-1.73, p = 0.008). In contrast, BMI (OR:0.96, 95%CI 0.94-0.98, p = 0.001), lipid disorders (OR:0.69, 95% CI 0.48-0.92, p = 0.01), use of calcium channels blockers (OR:0.71, 95% CI 0.48-0.94, p = 0.04), alpha-blockers (OR:0.54, 95% CI 0.23-0.86, p = 0.004) and angiotensin II receptor antagonists (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.29-0.83, p = 0.001), were associated with normal cognitive functions (R2 = 0.08, p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
The results present the complex connection between cardiometabolic disorders, their treatment and cognitive functioning. The research highlights the necessity for a tailored approach in prescribing cardiovascular medications, considering their potential link with cognitive health. Especially the role of angiotensin II receptor antagonists merits further studies.
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