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[Comparative study of the effect of basic risk and nutritional factors on the development of ischemic heart disease
Insights
This study found that high consumption of refined carbohydrates and alcohol significantly increases coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in men aged 40-59. These dietary factors amplify the impact of other known CHD risk factors.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology
- Nutritional Science
- Preventive Cardiology
Background:
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains a leading cause of mortality in middle-aged men.
- Identifying modifiable dietary risk factors is crucial for CHD prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interrelationship between alimentary factors and established risk factors in the development of CHD.
- To determine the specific impact of refined carbohydrate and alcohol consumption on CHD risk in men aged 40-59.
Main Methods:
- A representative random sample of 556 men aged 40-59 was followed for 5 years.
- Data collected included dietary intake (refined carbohydrates, alcohol, cholesterol, protein), anthropometrics, blood pressure, and lipid profiles.
- Logistic regression analysis was used to assess risk factors and their interactions.
Main Results:
- 39 new CHD cases were identified.
- Higher consumption of refined carbohydrates and alcohol was observed in patients with CHD.
- Elevated risk of CHD was associated with the upper sextile of refined carbohydrate intake (9.5-fold increase).
- Refined carbohydrate and alcohol consumption potentiated the effects of overweight, hypertension, and dyslipidemia on CHD development.
Conclusions:
- Raised consumption of refined carbohydrates and alcohol significantly enhances the risk of CHD in middle-aged men.
- Dietary modifications, particularly reducing refined carbohydrate and alcohol intake, are vital for CHD prevention.
- Understanding these interrelationships can inform targeted public health interventions for cardiovascular disease.
Abstract:
Altogether 39 CHD new cases were detected in a representative random sample of 556 men aged 40-59 in the course of 5 yrs. The patients had a high AP, consumed more alcohol, were more well-fed, older and consumed more refined carbohydrates per 1 kg bw and less cholesterol and vegetable protein. A high density lipoprotein cholesterol level was lower. 50% of all CHD new cases originated from the upper sextile of distribution (17% of values). Risk of CHD development compared to the lower sextile increased 9.5-fold. In considering logistic function 46% of CHD new cases originated from the first four informative characteristics of the upper sextile. Risk of CHD development in the upper sextile was 6 times as high as in the lower sextile. An acute drop of the informative value of the set of 3 characteristics occurred after excluding from the analysis values of the consumption of carbohydrates per 1 kg bw, and differences between values of theoretically anticipated and empirical risk became statistically significant. The study showed the interrelationship of alimentary factors and risk factors in CHD development. A raised consumption of refined carbohydrates and alcohol consumption enhanced the effect of such risk factors as overweight, arterial hypertension and disorders of the blood lipid spectrum regarded as the main causes of CHD development in males aged 40-59.