Engineered neutrophil, an emerging immune therapeutic strategy

Neutrophils play a pivotal role in the host immune system, serving as the frontline defense against microbial infections. They eradicate pathogens through diverse mechanisms, encompassing degranulation, phagocytosis, and the release of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, they are acknowledged as crucial contributors to chronic inflammatory pathological processes, including conditions such as cancer and autoimmune diseases. An expanding body of research suggests that neutrophils, harnessing their innate immune characteristics, possess the potential to serve as carriers for therapeutic agents or be directly employed in disease treatment. This underscores their potential as a cell therapy platform for future applications. Consequently, we systematically investigate the potential applications of neutrophils in this review, with a primary emphasis on elucidating the research advancements in utilizing neutrophils, including those derived from stem cells, for therapeutic interventions in various diseases.