Risk factors of preoperative bowel dysfunction in acute Stanford B aortic dissection

To investigate the risk factors for preoperative bowel dysfunction in patients with acute Stanford Type B aortic dissection.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 184 patients diagnosed with Stanford Type B aortic dissection between January 2023 and December 2024. These patients were divided into two groups: the bowel dysfunction group (n = 49) and the non-bowel dysfunction group (n = 135). Baseline characteristics, echocardiographic findings, myocardial enzyme levels, dietary habits, and psychological status were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors. A nomogram was developed to facilitate clinical prediction.

Preoperative constipation was observed in 26.63% (49/184) of patients. Logistic regression analysis identified older age, higher Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) score and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) score as independent risk factors for preoperative bowel dysfunction. Conversely, higher intake of fruits, vegetables, and water was associated with a reduced risk. The nomogram demonstrated good predictive performance, with an AUC of 0.930 in the training cohort and 0.884 in the validation cohort.

Preoperative bowel dysfunction is common among patients with acute Stanford Type B aortic dissection. Age, dietary habits, and psychological status are significant risk factors. Close monitoring and targeted management of these factors may help reduce the incidence of preoperative bowel dysfunction.