Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

197
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
197
Peptidoglycan Synthesis01:28

Peptidoglycan Synthesis

389
Structure of PeptidoglycanPeptidoglycan is a vital structural component of the bacterial cell wall, providing mechanical strength and shape to the cell. It consists of repeating units of two sugars—N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)—linked by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. These sugar chains are cross-linked by short peptide chains, forming a mesh-like polymer that surrounds the bacterial plasma membrane.Cytoplasmic Phase – Precursor SynthesisPeptidoglycan...
389
Phase II Conjugation Reactions: Overview01:14

Phase II Conjugation Reactions: Overview

311
Conjugation, a key component of phase II biotransformation reactions, is a vital process in drug detoxification. It involves transferring endogenous substances like glucuronic acid, sulfate, and glycine to drugs or their metabolites formed in phase I reactions. These conjugation reactions, often catalyzed by specific enzymes, transform potentially harmful metabolites into inactive, water-soluble forms easily excreted in urine or bile. By enhancing polarity and eliminating pharmacological...
311
Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems01:17

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems

148
Gram-negative bacteria utilize sophisticated protein secretion systems to transport proteins across their double-membrane envelope into the extracellular environment or host cells. Based on their mechanism of action, these systems are classified into one-step and two-step pathways.One-Step Secretion Systems (Types I, III, IV, and VI)One-step secretion systems bypass the periplasm entirely, forming a continuous channel that spans both the inner and outer membranes:Type I Secretion System (T1SS):...
148
Antibiotic Selection00:57

Antibiotic Selection

55.2K
Overview
55.2K
Drug Metabolism: Phase II Reactions01:14

Drug Metabolism: Phase II Reactions

4.1K
Phase II reactions are essential for the detoxification and elimination of drugs from the body. These reactions involve the conjugation of parent drugs or their phase I metabolites with endogenous molecules, resulting in more hydrophilic drug conjugates. The primary conjugation reactions in this phase are sulfation and glucuronidation. Both sulfation and glucuronidation typically produce biologically inactive metabolites. However, in some cases involving prodrugs, active metabolites may be...
4.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Understanding insulin-like peptide 5 (INSL5) and relaxin family peptide receptor 4 (RXFP4): structure, signalling, and function.

RSC chemical biology·2026
Same author

The Role of Oral Pathobionts' Outer Membrane Vesicles in Cancer Pathology and Therapeutic Development.

Cells·2026
Same author

Structure, Interactions, and Assembly of Membrane-Active Antimicrobial Polypeptides.

Chemical reviews·2026
Same author

An integrated approach identifying seasonal variation in allergenic grass pollen in southern Australia.

Environmental research·2026
Same author

Direct protamine activation of human mast cells is MRGPRX2-dependent and is modulated by heparin.

The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics·2026
Same author

Engineering Antimicrobial Peptides via Motif Assembly for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2026
Same journal

NMR Spectroscopy: Molecular Insights into Cell Wall Collapse and Oxidative Stress of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Induced by Imidazole-Activated Eutectic Solvents.

ACS omega·2026
Same journal

Enhanced Arsenite Remediation in Synthetic FeS<sub>2</sub>/Fe(II)-Containing Arsenic Wastewater via Epigallocatechin Gallate-Initiated Persulfate Activation.

ACS omega·2026
Same journal

Defect and Particle-Size Engineering as Mechanistic Drivers for Dye Uptake in a Zirconium Metal-Organic Framework.

ACS omega·2026
Same journal

Biogeochemical Assessment of Short-Term Hydrogen Storage in Methane Reservoirs with Field Sample Characterization and Reactor Experiments.

ACS omega·2026
Same journal

Combined Effects of Halloysite Nanotubes, Nucleating Agent, and Thermal Annealing on the Printability and Mechanical Performances of 3D-Printable Polypropylene Random Copolymer-Based Composites.

ACS omega·2026
Same journal

Effect of MoS<sub>2</sub> Interfacial Engineering across MAPbI<sub>3</sub>, FAPbI<sub>3</sub>, and CsPbI<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Solar Cells.

ACS omega·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection
11:56

Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection

Published on: October 25, 2013

14.3K

Developing a Gram-Negative Selective Peptide-Drug Conjugate.

Thomas N G Handley1, Alexandra Brakel2,3, Anthony Maxwell4

  • 1The Florey, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.

ACS Omega
|August 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new antibiotic by combining ciprofloxacin with oncocin, creating a more potent drug effective against resistant bacteria. This dual-action approach targets multiple bacterial mechanisms to combat antibiotic resistance.

More Related Videos

Constructing Cyclic Peptides Using an On-Tether Sulfonium Center
07:11

Constructing Cyclic Peptides Using an On-Tether Sulfonium Center

Published on: September 28, 2022

2.8K
Antimicrobial Peptides Produced by Selective Pressure Incorporation of Non-canonical Amino Acids
11:56

Antimicrobial Peptides Produced by Selective Pressure Incorporation of Non-canonical Amino Acids

Published on: May 4, 2018

12.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection
11:56

Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection

Published on: October 25, 2013

14.3K
Constructing Cyclic Peptides Using an On-Tether Sulfonium Center
07:11

Constructing Cyclic Peptides Using an On-Tether Sulfonium Center

Published on: September 28, 2022

2.8K
Antimicrobial Peptides Produced by Selective Pressure Incorporation of Non-canonical Amino Acids
11:56

Antimicrobial Peptides Produced by Selective Pressure Incorporation of Non-canonical Amino Acids

Published on: May 4, 2018

12.6K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Drug Discovery
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Antibiotic resistance, particularly to fluoroquinolones like ciprofloxacin, poses a significant global health threat.
  • Proline-rich antimicrobial peptides (PrAMPs) like oncocin show promise but require enhanced potency.
  • Developing multi-modal antibiotics is crucial for overcoming resistance mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create and evaluate a novel conjugate combining ciprofloxacin and oncocin.
  • To assess the enhanced potency and spectrum of activity of the conjugate against bacterial strains.
  • To investigate the molecular interactions and mechanisms of action of the conjugate.

Main Methods:

  • Conjugation of ciprofloxacin to the oncocin peptide.
  • Determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) to assess potency.
  • Characterization of interactions with intracellular targets (DnaK, 70S ribosome, gyrase).
  • Evaluation of mast cell degranulation capacity.

Main Results:

  • The conjugate (oncocin-cipro-c) demonstrated approximately threefold increased potency compared to oncocin alone.
  • The conjugate maintained selectivity for Gram-negative bacteria.
  • Oncocin-cipro-c effectively targeted multiple intracellular bacterial components, including DnaK, 70S ribosome, and gyrase.
  • The conjugate induced mast cell degranulation at lower concentrations than the parent peptide.

Conclusions:

  • The oncocin-cipro-c conjugate represents a promising multi-modal antibiotic candidate.
  • This strategy enhances antimicrobial potency and broadens the mechanism of action.
  • Development of such conjugates is vital for addressing the escalating challenge of antibiotic resistance.