[Coxiella burnetii as a possible cause of endocarditis in a 7-year old boy]

Area of Science:

• Pediatric infectious diseases
• Cardiology
• Microbiology

Background:

• Coxiella burnetii (Q-fever) can cause severe cardiac complications, including endocarditis.
• Pediatric Q-fever endocarditis is exceptionally rare, with limited documented cases.
• Diagnosis often relies on serological evidence of infection.

Observation:

• A 7-year-old boy presented with endocarditis, myocarditis, and pericarditis.
• The patient had no pre-existing cardiac valve abnormalities.
• Q-fever was suspected as the causative agent.

Findings:

• Diagnosis of Q-fever was confirmed by a significant rise in IgM and IgG antibodies against Coxiella burnetii.
• Elevated IgA antibodies, specific for endocarditis, were also detected.
• This represents a rare instance of Q-fever endocarditis in a child without prior valve disease.

Implications:

• This case expands the understanding of Q-fever manifestations in pediatric populations.
• Highlights the importance of considering Q-fever in children with unexplained cardiac inflammation.
• Emphasizes the utility of comprehensive serological testing for diagnosing Q-fever endocarditis.