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Pseudomembranous enterocolitis in childhood

J P Buts, A M Weber, C C Roy

    Gastroenterology
    |October 1, 1977
    PubMed

    Insights

    Pseudomembranous enterocolitis can occur in children, often linked to antibiotic use and presenting with severe diarrhea. Early diagnosis via rectosigmoidoscopy is crucial for prompt treatment and improved outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Gastroenterology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Antibiotic-associated diarrhea is a common concern in pediatric patients.
    • Pseudomembranous enterocolitis (PMC) is a severe form of antibiotic-induced colitis.

    Observation:

    • Five pediatric cases of PMC are presented, with 2 occurring postoperatively.
    • All patients had received or were currently taking antibiotics, including penicillin, ampicillin, and clindamycin.
    • Severe disease manifested with hypoproteinemia, edema, ascites, pleural effusion, septicemia, and/or shock.

    Findings:

    • Diagnosis was confirmed by characteristic rectosigmoidoscopic findings.
    • Despite intensive care, two children succumbed to the illness.
    • Parenteral nutrition is recommended for severe cases involving exudative enteropathy.

    Implications:

    • A high index of suspicion for PMC is warranted in children with postoperative or persistent diarrhea after antibiotic use.
    • Prompt diagnosis through emergency rectosigmoidoscopy can improve patient prognosis.
    • This highlights the potential severity of PMC in pediatric populations and the need for vigilant management.

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