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Related Concept Videos

Charging Conductors By Induction01:15

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The Earth is a good conductor of electricity, and it is so big that it can be considered an infinite source or sink of charges. It can easily exchange charges with any matter.
Generally, conductors like metals do not allow any excess charge to be present on them. Any excess charge added to metals easily flows away, for example, when a metal is placed on the Earth. This process is called earthing.
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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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DC Battery01:21

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A conductor needs to be a component of a path that creates a closed loop or full circuit to have a continuous current flowing through it. A current starts to flow if an electric field is created inside an isolated conductor that is not part of a full circuit. The conductor quickly develops a net positive charge at one end and a net negative charge at the other. These charges generate an electric field opposite the direction of the applied electric field, which reduces the current. Eventually,...
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Charge and Current01:14

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Electric charge is the most fundamental quantity in an electric circuit. The effects of electric charge are encountered daily, such as when a wool sweater sticks to the human body or when a person receives a shock while walking on a carpet.
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Electromotive Force01:02

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Electromotive force (emf) is the force that causes current to flow from a higher to a lower  potential. The term "electromotive force" is used for historical reasons, even though emf is not a force at all.
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Faraday Disk Dynamo01:23

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A Faraday disk dynamo is a DC generator, producing an emf that is constant in time. It consists of a conducting disk that rotates with a constant angular velocity in the magnetic field, perpendicular to the disk's plane. The rotation of the disk causes a change in magnetic flux, which induces an emf, causing opposite charges to develop on the rim and in the center of the disk. The polarity of the induced emf can be determined by the direction of the magnetic field and the direction of the...
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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
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EVMCSDLT: Electric vehicle mobile charging system using distributed ledger technology.

Neha Deshmukh1, Vaishali Khairnar1, Deepali Vora2

  • 1Terna Engineering College, University of Mumbai, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, 400706, Maharashtra, India.

Methodsx
|August 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents EVMCSDLT, a secure payment framework for electric vehicle (EV) charging in areas without internet. It uses blockchain and QR codes for offline transactions, enhancing EV infrastructure accessibility.

Keywords:
BlockchainDistributed ledger technologyElectric vehiclesMobile chargingOffline paymentsSecurity

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Blockchain Technology

Background:

  • Growing electric vehicle (EV) adoption necessitates robust charging infrastructure.
  • Limited internet connectivity in certain areas poses a challenge for secure EV charging payments.
  • Existing payment systems often rely on continuous internet access, limiting usability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce EVMCSDLT, a novel payment framework for secure electric vehicle charging transactions in offline environments.
  • To leverage Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) and blockchain for enhanced security and accessibility.
  • To enable reliable EV charging payments independent of internet connectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Developed EVMCSDLT, a payment framework using Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT).
  • Implemented a two-part blockchain security mechanism with QR code authentication and hashing.
  • Integrated React.js with Web3 and MetaMask for online/offline transaction processing.
  • Utilized Google Maps for real-time geospatial tracking of charging stations.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated reliable transaction range up to 8.13 meters.
  • Achieved consistent QR code scanning with an average response time of 3.4 seconds.
  • Showcased strong resistance to simulated man-in-the-middle cyber attacks.

Conclusions:

  • EVMCSDLT ensures secure and accessible electric vehicle charging payments in areas with limited internet connectivity.
  • The framework enhances transaction security and integrity, regardless of internet status.
  • This advancement extends EV charging accessibility to underserved regions.