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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Ultrasensitive Detection of Biomarkers by Using a Molecular Imprinting Based Capacitive Biosensor

Ultrasensitive Detection of Biomarkers by Using a Molecular Imprinting Based Capacitive Biosensor

Published on: February 16, 2018

Non-optical, label-free electrical capacitance imaging of microorganisms.

Joseph T Incandela¹, Kangping Hu², Pushkaraj Joshi²

¹Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

|August 18, 2025

Summary

Electrical capacitance imaging (ECI) offers a novel, non-optical method for visualizing live microbial samples without complex preparation. This portable, low-cost platform enables label-free imaging of diverse microbes in various environments.

Keywords:

CMOS biofilms biosensor capacitance electrochemical sensor in situ in-vitro live imaging microbial communities microelectrode arrays native samples non-optical pellicle formation

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Last Updated: Sep 11, 2025

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Biophysics
Sensor Technology

Background:

Optical microscopy is a cornerstone of microbiology but requires extensive sample preparation, limiting its application.
Existing non-optical methods are often destructive or equipment-intensive.
There is a need for accessible, non-invasive imaging techniques for diverse microbial studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce electrical capacitance imaging (ECI) as a non-optical, label-free method for live microbial imaging.
To demonstrate ECI's capability for spatial and temporal resolution in microbial communities.
To establish ECI as a versatile, low-cost imaging platform.

Main Methods:

Utilized a semiconductor sensor array for localized capacitance measurements of microbial samples.
Generated textured images based on capacitance data.
Correlated ECI data with 3D confocal microscopy for validation.
Performed week-long time-lapse experiments to observe biofilm development.

Main Results:

Successfully generated textured images of various microbial colonies using ECI.
Demonstrated that capacitance correlates with local sample thickness.
Showcased the ability to distinguish between microbial species in co-culture.
Captured cross-sectional development of biofilms at millimeter scales over time.

Conclusions:

ECI provides a novel, non-optical imaging solution for live microbial samples.
The developed platform is low-cost, portable, and requires minimal sample preparation.
ECI enables spatially and temporally resolved microbiological experiments in diverse settings.