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Predicting SARS-CoV-2 Omicron outcomes: Investigating the relationship of TLC, ferritin, D-dimer, LDH, C-Reactive
Ghazala Jawwad1, Mehvish Iftikhar2, Maleha Asim3
1Department of Physiology, Bahria University College of Medicine, Bahria University Health Sciences Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Insights
Biomarkers like C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) help predict COVID-19 outcomes. These markers, along with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), are crucial for assessing disease severity and mortality in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infections.
Area of Science:
- * Infectious Diseases
- * Clinical Biochemistry
- * Hematology
Background:
- * The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant presents a significant global health challenge.
- * Understanding prognostic markers is crucial for managing COVID-19 patients effectively.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To investigate the association between key biomarkers and outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infections.
- * To identify predictors of disease severity and mortality.
Main Methods:
- * Retrospective cross-sectional study of 850 hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
- * Collected baseline data, medical history, and laboratory findings including Complete Blood Count (CBC), total leukocyte count (TLC), D-dimer, serum ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c).
- * Utilized correlation analysis, logistic regression, and Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) analysis.
Main Results:
- * Significant positive correlations were observed between disease outcomes and TLC, CRP, LDH, and ferritin (p<0.01).
- * Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) strongly correlated with mortality (p<0.001).
- * Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) emerged as the strongest predictor of outcome (AUC 0.76), with CRP, LDH, and HbA1c identified as significant predictors of mortality.
Conclusions:
- * Biomarkers including CRP, LDH, and HbA1c play a significant role in predicting COVID-19 outcomes.
- * LDH is a strong predictor of disease severity and mortality in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infections.
- * These laboratory markers are valuable tools for assessing patient prognosis.
Abstract:
This study aimed to explore the relationship between total leukocyte count (TLC), ferritin, D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with the outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infections. The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 850 COVID patients, admitted in hospitals in Islamabad and Lahore from January 2021 to December 2022. Baseline data, medical history and laboratory findings including Complete Blood Count (CBC), TLC, D-dimer, serum ferritin, CRP, LDH and HbA1c were collected. The results revealed significant positive correlations between disease outcomes and TLC, CRP, LDH and ferritin (all p<0.01), with HbA1c strongly correlating with mortality (p<0.001). Correlation analysis revealed significant association among various biomarkers. TLC demonstrated significant positive relationship with serum ferritin (p=0.006), CRP (p=0.000) and HbA1c (p=0.002). Lymphocyte count showed significant positive correlation with TLC (p<0.001). Ferritin showed positive correlation with LDH (p<0.001), D-dimer (p=0.008) and CRP (p<0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that CRP, LDH and HbA1c were significant predictors of mortality, with CRP and LDH associated with disease severity also. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis shows LDH to be the strongest predicter of outcome with area under curve (AUC) 0.76. The biomarkers have significant role in predicting disease outcome in current study.
