The Role of the TIMP1/LINC01615 Axis as a Regulator of the EMT Pathway in Gastric Cancer

Gastric cancer (GCa) is a common malignancy where the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway and lncRNAs are key to proliferation and metastasis. This study aimed to identify lncRNAs regulating the EMT pathway as therapeutic and diagnostic targets in GCa.

We utilized the TCGA-STAD dataset and differential expression gene (DEG) analysis was performed to identify overlapping genes between DEGs and the EMT pathway. The LASSO feature reduction algorithm and ROC curve analysis were applied to prioritize candidate biomarkers. Additionally, immunological and immunotherapy analyses were conducted to evaluate the significance of TIMP1 in GCa. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between TIMP1 and all differentially expressed lncRNAs, and the most strongly correlated candidates were selected. Experimental validation of the results was carried out using RT-qPCR with 25 cancerous and 25 adjacent normal tissue samples in GCa.

DEG analysis identified 2,926 DEGs, among which 87 were associated with the EMT pathway. The LASSO algorithm reduced this list to 11 genes, and ROC curve analysis identified TIMP1 as a candidate biomarker in GCa. Higher TIMP1 expression was associated with improved response rates. Correlation analysis revealed that LINC01615 was most strongly co-regulated with TIMP1 in GCa. RT-qPCR confirmed that both TIMP1 and LINC01615 were significantly upregulated in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, highlighting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers.

A strong correlation between TIMP1 and LINC01615 suggests their role in promoting GCa proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. TIMP1/LINC01615 axis regulates the EMT pathway and is a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in GCa.