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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
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Stem cell transplantation cost in Iran.

Fereshte Karimi1, Ali Mohammad Mosadeghrad2, Mohammad Vaezi3

  • 1Research Center for Emergency and Disaster Resilience, Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran.

BMC Health Services Research
|August 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Stem cell transplantation (SCT) is costly in Iran, averaging over $51,000 USD per patient. This highlights the need for financial protection and policy changes to improve access to this vital treatment.

Keywords:
Activity based costingCost analysisIranStem cell transplant

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Stem cell transplantation (SCT) is a critical therapy for blood disorders and cancers.
  • The procedure replaces diseased cells with healthy stem cells to restore blood production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the total cost of stem cell transplantation (SCT) at Shariati Hospital in Tehran, Iran.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed data from 143 SCT patients (August 2022 - March 2023).
  • Activity-Based Costing (ABC) was used to allocate costs across operational units.
  • Cost data were extracted from hospital financial records and analyzed in 2024.

Main Results:

  • The average total cost per SCT patient was approximately $51,594 USD (2,166,904,089 IRR).
  • Direct medical costs (49%) and overhead costs (51%) were significant, with human resources (physicians, nurses) being major components.
  • Government subsidies covered over half of direct costs, with patient out-of-pocket payments and insurance also contributing.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell transplantation presents a significant financial burden on Iran's healthcare system.
  • Policy interventions are crucial for optimizing resource allocation, standardizing costs, and enhancing patient financial protection and access to SCT.