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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Calcium Carbonate Formation in the Presence of Biopolymeric Additives
Published on: May 14, 2019
Common Food Additives Inhibit Carbonic Anhydrase Activity
Ayça Aktaş Karaçelik1, Murat Küçük2, Semra Alkan Türkuçar3
1Department of Food Processing, Espiye Vocational School, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey.
None:
Few studies about the effects of food additives on human enzymes exist. The effects of 20 food additives (12 colorants, 2 antioxidants, 3 sweeteners, 2 preservatives, and 1 acidity regulator) on bovine carbonic anhydrase (bCA) and especially human isoenzymes hCAI and hCAII isoenzyme, a highly vital enzyme, were studied for the first time. All the additives showed inhibition on human CA isoenzymes with IC50 values in 5-5998 μM range. The higher inhibitions were detected in the colorants, Erythrosine B showing the highest inhibition (IC50(bCA): 11 μM, IC50(hCAI): 19 μM and IC50(hCAII): 5 μM) at levels comparable with standard CA inhibitor sulfanilamide, while sweeteners showed low inhibition. BHT, a synthetic antioxidant, had higher inhibition compared to ascorbic acid. According to ADMET results, when the pharmacokinetic properties of the additives are considered, the only molecule with high gastrointestinal absorption is curcumin. The findings suggest that the health concerns caused by excessive consumption of foods containing additives may be related to CA inhibition. Food additive alternatives with no/lower CA inhibition should be sought for. Besides, Erythrosine B derivatives deserve investigation for new CA inhibitors.
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