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Published on: November 15, 2024
Borneol's Pre-Clinical Analgesic Efficacy: Mediated by Receptor and Immune Mechanisms
Yichen Zhou1, Xinyue Mei1, Changming Wang2
1School of Elderly Care Services and Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
Chronic pain affects over 10% of the global population, yet current analgesics face limitations such as addiction and systemic toxicity. Borneol, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with over a millennium history, has emerged as a promising alternative due to its multi-target mechanisms. This review synthesizes preclinical evidence demonstrating borneol's dual analgesic pathways: (1) receptor-mediated actions (eg, TRPM8 activation, GABA agonism) and (2) immune modulation (eg, NF-κB suppression, ROS inhibition). Notably, comparative analysis with menthol reveals borneol's superior TRPM8 specificity and lack of opioid-related side effects. By elucidating these mechanisms, we advocate for borneol's integration into modern pain management strategies, highlighting its potential as a safe, multi-modal therapeutic.
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