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The Role of the Gut-Brain Axis in Diseases
Jing Chen1, Yijia Xu2, Peng Cao2,3
1Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, China International Neuroscience Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)
|August 19, 2025
Summary
The gut-brain axis, a communication pathway between the gut and brain, is vital for health. Its disruption is linked to numerous diseases, highlighting its therapeutic potential.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
Background:
- The gut-brain axis involves bidirectional signaling between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain.
- This communication network utilizes neural, immune, and endocrine pathways.
- Its proper function is essential for maintaining physiological homeostasis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of the gut-brain axis.
- To detail its role in the pathogenesis of various diseases.
- To explore the therapeutic relevance of modulating gut-brain signaling.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current research on the gut-brain axis.
- Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying gut-brain communication.
- Examination of emerging therapeutic strategies targeting the gut-brain axis.
Main Results:
- Dysregulation of the gut-brain axis is associated with neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative, and neurodevelopmental disorders.
- Imbalances in this axis contribute to emotional, cognitive, and feeding disturbances.
- Complex molecular interactions are key to maintaining gut-brain homeostasis.
Conclusions:
- The gut-brain axis plays a critical role in health and disease.
- Targeting gut-brain signaling presents promising therapeutic avenues.
- Further research into this axis can lead to novel treatment strategies.
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