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Prakriti elucidates the inter-individual variability in coronary artery disease risk-predicting biomarkers: A
Pamila Dua1, Bhavana Prasher2, Sandeep Seth3
1Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.
Insights
Ayurvedic Prakriti classification, combined with biochemical markers, offers precise coronary artery disease (CAD) risk prediction. This approach identifies specific risks associated with Vata, Kapha, and Pitta phenotypes for personalized CAD management.
Area of Science:
- Integrative Medicine
- Cardiovascular Research
- Biochemical Analysis
Background:
- Biochemical markers for coronary artery disease (CAD) risk assessment show conflicting results due to phenotypic heterogeneity.
- Ayurvedic concept of Prakriti (phenotype) classification may aid in predicting disease susceptibility and guiding therapy.
- This study explores the association between Ayurvedic constitution types and biochemical markers for improved CAD risk prediction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the association between Ayurvedic Prakriti types and biochemical markers for precise CAD risk prediction.
- To investigate how different phenotypes influence the manifestation of CAD risk factors.
Main Methods:
- Recruited 200 clinically stable CAD patients and 100 healthy controls.
- Conducted a comprehensive set of biochemical tests relevant to CAD pathophysiology.
- Assessed Prakriti using both clinical evaluation and a validated AI/ML algorithm-based questionnaire.
Main Results:
- Monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), fasting blood sugar, urea, creatinine, uric acid, and NT-pro BNP were significantly elevated in CAD patients.
- Kapha Prakriti was most prevalent among CAD patients.
- Vata patients showed high MLR and IL-6; Kapha patients had poor diabetic control; Pitta patients exhibited higher NT-pro BNP.
Conclusions:
- Prakriti classification provides deeper insights into precise CAD risks beyond individual biochemical parameters.
- A dual approach integrating Prakriti and biochemical markers can enhance personalized treatment strategies for CAD management.
Background:
Several biochemical tests and biomarkers are well-known for the assessment of risk towards coronary artery disease (CAD). However, conflicting results pose a significant challenge probably due to phenotypic heterogeneity. In Ayurveda, individuals are classified into phenotypes- Prakriti, which helps in predicting an individual's susceptibility to disease, its prognosis and selection of therapy. In the present study, an attempt was made to overcome this challenge with an aim to identify the association between different constitution types as mentioned in Ayurveda with biochemical markers for precisely predicting the risks for CAD.
Methods:
200 clinically stable CAD patients and 100 healthy controls were recruited from the Cardiology OPD, AIIMS, New Delhi, India. A comprehensive set of tests to incorporate various aspects of CAD pathophysiology was performed. Assessment of Prakriti was done clinically and with AI/ML algorithm based validated questionnaire.
Results:
The monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), fasting blood sugar, urea, creatinine, uric acid, and NT-pro BNP were significantly higher in CAD patients as compared to healthy controls. Prakriti stratification revealed maximum number of patients with Kapha Prakriti. MLR and IL-6 (associated with inflammatory and peripheral endothelial dysfunction) were high in Vata patients; diabetic control (associated with plaque instability and malfunctioned RAAS) was poor in Kapha patients and NT-pro BNP (associated with myocardial hypoxia) was higher in Pitta patients.
Conclusion:
Though, several biochemical parameters were associated with risks for CAD, Prakriti classification provided more insights into the precise risks. This dual approach may help in guiding personalized treatment options in CAD management.
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