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Author Spotlight: Investigating mRNA Spatial Distribution in Drosophila Muscle Tissue

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The toggle switch model for gene expression change during duck skeletal muscle development.

Dingbang Ding¹, Lionel Kinkpe¹, Yang Li¹

¹College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part D, Genomics & Proteomics

|August 19, 2025

Summary

This study reveals distinct gene regulation in Pekin and Liancheng duck skeletal muscle development, identifying key transcription factors and alternative splicing events that shape muscle growth and function in each breed.

Keywords:

Alternative splicing Gene regulatory networks Skeletal muscle development Toggle switch Transcription factors

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Area of Science:

Genomics and Molecular Biology
Developmental Biology
Comparative Animal Physiology

Background:

Skeletal muscle development is crucial for animal locomotion, metabolism, and meat production.
Pekin and Liancheng ducks are important Chinese poultry breeds with distinct meat characteristics.
Understanding breed-specific developmental mechanisms can optimize meat production and quality.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and characterize developmentally dynamic genes (DDGs) in Pekin and Liancheng ducks.
To investigate the regulatory networks, including transcription factors and alternative splicing, governing skeletal muscle development in these breeds.
To elucidate the molecular basis for differences in muscle development between Pekin and Liancheng ducks.

Main Methods:

RNA sequencing of skeletal muscle tissue from 1 to 42 days post-hatch.
Identification of high-to-low (earlyDDGs) and low-to-high (lateDDGs) expressed genes.
Analysis of transcription factor interactions and alternative splicing events.
Functional enrichment analysis of identified genes.

Main Results:

Identified DDGs with opposing expression patterns in early and late development.
Discovered breed-specific interactions between developmentally dynamic transcription factor (DDTF) pairs regulating earlyDDGs and lateDDGs.
Pekin ducks showed DDTF interactions prioritizing neuron development and VEGF-VEGFR2 signaling.
Liancheng ducks exhibited DDTF interactions involved in intracellular coordination, proliferation, aerobic respiration, and fatty acid metabolism.
Observed breed-specific alternative splicing in genes like COL13A1 and RNF10.

Conclusions:

Distinct regulatory mechanisms govern skeletal muscle development in Pekin and Liancheng ducks.
Developmentally dynamic transcription factor pairs and alternative splicing play critical roles in shaping breed-specific muscle characteristics.
Findings provide insights into the genetic basis of meat quality and growth differences in ducks.