Optimized machine learning based comparative analysis of predictive models for classification of kidney tumors

Vatsala Anand1, Ajay Khajuria2, Rupendra Kumar Pachauri3,4

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Akal University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda, Punjab, India.

Scientific Reports
|August 19, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Machine learning models accurately detect and classify kidney tumors. Support Vector Machine (SVM) achieved 98.5% accuracy, aiding early disease diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Kidney tumors pose significant health risks.
  • Early detection and classification are crucial for effective treatment and patient outcomes.
  • Machine learning offers potential for improving diagnostic accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of various machine learning models in detecting and classifying kidney tumors.
  • To identify the optimal model and hyperparameters for kidney tumor classification.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Decision Tree, XGBoost Classifier, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) models.
  • Dataset splitting ratios of 80:20 and 75:25 were employed, with 80:20 yielding superior performance.
  • Optimized models using batch sizes of 16 and 32, and Adam and SGD optimizers.

Main Results:

  • The 80:20 data split improved model performance.
  • Support Vector Machine (SVM) demonstrated the highest accuracy at 98.5% with a batch size of 32 and Adam optimizer.
  • K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) achieved 90.4% accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Machine learning models, particularly SVM, show high potential for accurate kidney tumor detection and classification.
  • This approach can assist healthcare professionals in early disease diagnosis.
  • Further research can refine these models for clinical application.