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Enhancing Precision in Mesiodens Extraction: Evaluating 3D-Printed Visualization Models in Surgical Training.

Jenn-Yih Lin1, Huy Le2, Seth Friedman3,4

  • 1Center for Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

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Summary

Adding 3D-printed models to cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) planning significantly reduced bone removal during simulated impacted mesiodens extraction. This enhances surgical precision and efficiency in training.

Keywords:
3D models3D printingoral surgerysimulationsupernumerary tooth

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Dental Education
  • Medical Simulation

Background:

  • Impacted mesiodens extraction poses surgical challenges due to proximity to developing permanent incisors.
  • Traditional surgical planning relies on 2D imaging, potentially limiting spatial understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of 3D-printed visualization models combined with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) on surgical planning efficiency and precision for impacted mesiodens extraction among trainees.
  • To assess the effectiveness of 3D models as an adjunct in simulation-based surgical training.

Main Methods:

  • Ten pediatric dental residents were randomized into two groups: Group I (CBCT + 3D model) and Group II (CBCT alone).
  • Participants performed simulated mesiodens extractions on 3D-printed models.
  • Surgical time and bone removal (surface area and volume) were measured and compared using statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney U test) and effect sizes.

Main Results:

  • Group I showed a trend towards shorter surgical time (508.8s vs 720.8s) with a large effect size (r=0.56), indicating potential efficiency gains.
  • Significantly less bone removal (surface area and volume) was observed in Group I compared to Group II (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • 3D-printed visualization models, when used with CBCT, significantly improve surgical precision by minimizing unnecessary bone removal in simulated impacted mesiodens extraction.
  • These models are a valuable adjunct for simulation-based surgical training, enhancing educational outcomes.
  • While the study had a small sample size, large effect sizes suggest significant educational value, warranting further investigation with larger cohorts.