Advances in nanomaterials for enhancing cGAS-STING pathway mediated anti-tumor treatment

The cGAS-STING pathway is a crucial component of innate immunity, playing a dual role in tumor biology by promoting pro-inflammatory responses and anti-tumor immunity. Nanomaterials have emerged as transformative tools to enhance the activation and therapeutic efficacy of this pathway in cancer immunotherapy. This review targets recent advancements in nanomaterials of enhancing cGAS-STING-mediated anti-tumor immune responses. These nanomaterials leverage their unique physical and chemical properties for targeted delivery, controlled release, and biodegradability, significantly improving the anti-tumor effects through synergistic activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. This review underscores the potential of nanomaterial-based cGAS-STING therapeutics for cancer treatment and identifies key research priorities to address existing limitations and propel the field forward.