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Cerebral and Peripheral Hemodynamics Across Wakefulness and NREM Sleep
Vidhya V Nair1, Brianna R Kish1, Hideyuki Oshima1,2
1Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
Journal of Sleep Research
|August 20, 2025
Summary
During sleep, brain and fingertip blood flow patterns diverge. Low-frequency coupling between cerebral and peripheral hemodynamics desynchronizes during deep NREM3 sleep, highlighting its restorative role.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Physiology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Cerebral hemodynamic oscillations during sleep-wake cycles are known.
- Peripheral hemodynamic changes across sleep-wake states are less understood.
- The coupling between cerebral and peripheral hemodynamics during sleep is unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate temporal and spectral characteristics of cerebral and peripheral hemodynamics.
- Examine low-frequency coupling between cerebral and peripheral hemodynamics across sleep-wake states.
- Understand how sleep impacts the relationship between brain and peripheral blood flow.
Main Methods:
- Simultaneous measurement of cerebral hemodynamics using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
- Simultaneous measurement of peripheral hemodynamics using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) of fingertips.
- Study conducted in 10 healthy participants during wakefulness and NREM sleep.
Main Results:
- Cerebral and peripheral hemodynamics showed distinct oscillation amplitudes and spectral power during sleep.
- Low-frequency coupling between cerebral and peripheral hemodynamics desynchronized during NREM3 sleep.
- Significant differences observed in hemodynamic patterns between wakefulness and NREM sleep.
Conclusions:
- NREM3 sleep is crucial for the restoration of cerebral vasomotion.
- Sleep significantly alters the relationship between central and peripheral blood flow regulation.
- Findings suggest a state-dependent decoupling of cerebral and peripheral hemodynamic control.
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