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A standardized protocol for anal fistula induction in a rat model
Paulo Cesar de Castro Junior1, Jenif Braga de Souza1, Ruy Garcia Marques1
1Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - Faculty of Medical Sciences - Department of General Surgery -Rio de Janeiro (RJ) - Brazil.
Acta Cirurgica Brasileira
|August 20, 2025
Summary
This study presents an effective, economical, and reproducible experimental model for anal fistulas in rats. The model demonstrates a high success rate and allows for clear identification of fistulas post-procedure.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Surgical Research
Background:
- Anal fistulas are complex anorectal conditions requiring reliable experimental models for research.
- Current models may present challenges in reproducibility and cost-effectiveness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate a novel experimental model for inducing anal fistulas in rats.
- To identify challenges and advantages of this specific surgical technique.
Main Methods:
- Surgical induction of two anal fistulas per rat using a metal seton in 26 male Wistar rats.
- Setons remained for 30 days; animals were grouped for euthanasia at 2 or 4 weeks post-removal.
- Histopathological analysis of fistula tissue samples.
Main Results:
- High procedural tolerance and average weight gain observed in rats.
- A 96% success rate was achieved, with minimal animal loss.
- Fistulas were consistently identifiable via external orifice scarring post-seton removal.
Conclusions:
- The developed experimental model is effective, economical, and easily reproducible.
- No significant differences were noted between the two post-removal observation groups.
- This model offers a viable option for studying anal fistula pathophysiology.
