Seborrheic Dermatitis: Diagnosis and Treatment

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Internal Medicine

Background:

• Seborrheic dermatitis is a prevalent, chronic, relapsing skin disorder.
• It primarily affects areas rich in sebaceous glands, presenting with erythematous patches, oily scales, and flaking.
• In darker skin tones, erythema may be subtle, with hypopigmentation and scaling being more prominent signs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the clinical presentation and treatment modalities for seborrheic dermatitis.
• To provide guidance on managing seborrheic dermatitis across different body areas and age groups.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of seborrheic dermatitis clinical presentation and treatment options.
• Synthesis of information on topical therapies for scalp, face, and body involvement.
• Inclusion of neonatal seborrheic dermatitis management.

Main Results:

• Scalp seborrheic dermatitis responds well to antifungal shampoos, corticosteroid solutions, foams, oils, and keratolytic agents.
• Facial and body seborrheic dermatitis can be treated with antifungal and corticosteroid creams/ointments, and calcineurin inhibitors.
• Neonatal seborrheic dermatitis (cradle cap) often resolves spontaneously, with conservative or topical treatments for more severe cases.

Conclusions:

• Seborrheic dermatitis management is tailored to the affected area and severity.
• A range of topical treatments, including antifungals and corticosteroids, are effective.
• Neonatal cases typically resolve on their own, with specific interventions for persistent or severe presentations.