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Realization of a doped quantum antiferromagnet in a Rydberg tweezer array.

Mu Qiao1, Gabriel Emperauger2, Cheng Chen2,3

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Researchers created a doped quantum antiferromagnet using Rydberg tweezers, enabling the study of strongly correlated electrons and high-temperature superconductors. This work explores hole behavior and pair formation in novel parameter regimes.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum simulation
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Strongly correlated electron systems

Background:

  • Doping antiferromagnetic Mott insulators is key to understanding high-temperature superconductors.
  • The t-J model is crucial for studying hole doping and spin interactions.
  • Quantum simulation of the t-J model in high-particle density regimes is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To realize a doped quantum antiferromagnet with tunable parameters using a Rydberg tweezer platform.
  • To investigate the bosonic t-J-V model in previously inaccessible parameter regimes.
  • To study the dynamics of holes and their interactions with spins.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Rydberg tweezer platform with coherent dynamics between three Rydberg levels.
  • Implemented a tunable bosonic t-J-V model encoding spins and holes.
  • Employed single-site control for studying single-hole dynamics in a 2D square lattice.

Main Results:

  • Observed dynamical phase separation between hole and spin domains for |t/J| ≪ 1.
  • Demonstrated the formation of repulsively bound hole pairs in various spin backgrounds.
  • Showcased the emergence of light and heavy hole pairs due to interference between next-nearest-neighbor and pair tunneling.

Conclusions:

  • The Rydberg tweezer platform successfully realizes a doped quantum antiferromagnet with tunable interactions.
  • The study provides insights into hole behavior, phase separation, and pair formation in strongly correlated systems.
  • This work expands the capabilities of Rydberg tweezer experiments to a broader class of quantum models.