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Updated: Sep 10, 2025

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

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Published on: April 21, 2023

A Novel Scoring System for AUS Thyroid Nodule.

Nuha A Alsaleh¹, Mohammed A Alswayyed², Shatha A Alduraywish³

¹Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

International Journal of Endocrinology

|August 21, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study subclassified Bethesda III atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) thyroid nodules, revealing varied malignancy risks. A novel scoring system aids in assessing malignancy risk for better thyroid nodule management.

Keywords:

atypia of undetermined significance nuclear atypia nuclear score risk of malignancy subcategorization the Bethesda system

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Last Updated: Sep 10, 2025

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Cytopathology
Oncology

Background:

Thyroid nodules classified as Bethesda III atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) present diagnostic challenges.
Accurate risk stratification is crucial for appropriate patient management and avoiding unnecessary procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

To subclassify Bethesda III AUS thyroid lesions using fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).
To develop and validate a novel scoring system for estimating malignancy risk in Bethesda III subcategories.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 338 thyroidectomy cases with Bethesda III FNAC findings.
Subclassification of Bethesda III into six subtypes (III-A to III-F).
Development of a scoring system integrating cytological, radiological, and clinical factors.

Main Results:

Malignancy rates varied significantly across subcategories, with III-B showing the highest (54.73%).
Cytological subcategory and high-risk ultrasound features were significantly associated with malignancy (p < 0.05).
The proposed scoring system effectively stratified patients into low, moderate, and high malignancy risk groups.

Conclusions:

Subclassification of Bethesda III AUS nodules improves malignancy risk assessment.
The novel scoring system offers a practical tool for guiding individualized thyroid nodule management.
Further prospective studies are needed to validate the scoring system's predictive value.