Liquid biopsy in lung cancer

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Molecular Diagnostics
• Cancer Research

Background:

• Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality globally, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most common type.
• Current treatment outcomes for NSCLC remain poor due to late diagnoses and disease complexity.
• Liquid biopsy presents a minimally invasive method for lung cancer diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the advancements and potential of liquid biopsy in lung cancer diagnostics.
• To highlight the role of liquid biopsy in molecular profiling, early detection, and disease monitoring.
• To discuss the integration of emerging technologies for personalized lung cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of tumour-derived biomarkers in liquid samples, including circulating-tumour DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumour cells (CTCs), and exosomes.
• Application of advanced detection technologies such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR).
• Integration of multi-omics data with artificial intelligence (AI) for enhanced analysis.

Main Results:

• Liquid biopsy enables molecular profiling to identify actionable mutations and resistance mechanisms.
• Technological advancements facilitate early detection and monitoring of lung cancer progression.
• AI and multi-omics data show promise for highly personalized cancer therapies.

Conclusions:

• Liquid biopsy is a transformative tool for early lung cancer detection and personalized treatment strategies.
• Despite challenges in detecting early-stage disease, liquid biopsy significantly improves patient outcomes.
• The combination of liquid biopsy with AI and multi-omics represents a paradigm shift in oncology.