Interaction between the brain and multiple organ systems in schizophrenia
Jin Lin1,2, Si-Tong Feng1,2, Zi-Yao Wu1,2
1Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Medical Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China.
Abstract:
Schizophrenia is characterized by psychotic symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive deficits, profoundly affecting individuals and their families. The etiology is multifactorial, involving genetic, endocrine, and immunological risk factors. It is thought that schizophrenia is exclusively linked to alterations in brain structure and function, while the relationship between the brain and many organs may lack sufficient attention. Increasing evidence indicates abnormalities of the interactions between the brain and many organs in patients with schizophrenia. Inter-organ crosstalk affects the onset, course, and management of schizophrenia. Besides, the complex relationship between autonomic nervous system, endocrine system, and immune system further facilitates the development of schizophrenia. The present review summarizes the relationships between the brain and multiple organ systems in schizophrenia, providing new perspectives on the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of schizophrenia.
Related Concept Videos
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes...
Schizophrenia
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
Disorders of the Nervous Tissue
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...


