Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

5.0K
The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
5.0K
Gauss's Law in Dielectrics01:17

Gauss's Law in Dielectrics

4.6K
Consider a polar dielectric placed in an external field. In such a dielectric, opposite charges on adjacent dipoles neutralize each other, such that the net charge within the dielectric is zero. When a polar dielectric is inserted in between the capacitor plates, an electric field is generated due to the presence of net charges near the edge of the dielectric and the metal plates interface. Since the external electrical field merely aligns the dipoles, the dielectric as a whole is neutral. An...
4.6K
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)01:15

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)

505
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
505
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

2.5K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
2.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Spatial Mapping of Electrochemical Hole Injection into Supercrystals of Perovskite Nanocrystals.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Robust Hybrid Plasmon-Photon Modes in Colloidal Metasurfaces Probed by Angle-Resolved SERS.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Neurodivergent perceptions, experiences, and perspectives in academic biological sciences spaces.

Integrative and comparative biology·2026
Same author

TAMP-OS: An Open-Source Workflow for Tactile 3D-Printable Lithographs.

Integrative and comparative biology·2026
Same author

Recycling Ag SERS-substrates from strongly chemisorbing molecules.

Nanoscale advances·2026
Same author

Functional gradients facilitate tactile sensing in elephant whiskers.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals
07:03

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals

Published on: August 15, 2018

8.9K

Nonlinear Optical Response in Layer-Stacked Gallenene with Ferroelectric Polarization.

Muhammad Yunusa1, Andrew K Schulz2, Tim Parker3

  • 1Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|August 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created AB-stacked gallenene nanocrystals exhibiting room-temperature ferroelectricity and nonlinear optical properties. This breakthrough in polar metals paves the way for novel electronic and photonic devices.

Keywords:
2D galleneneferroelectricityliquid metalphase transitionsecond harmonic generation

More Related Videos

Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements
14:18

Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements

Published on: February 28, 2016

11.5K
An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation
10:33

An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation

Published on: February 27, 2019

8.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals
07:03

Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals

Published on: August 15, 2018

8.9K
Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements
14:18

Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements

Published on: February 28, 2016

11.5K
An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation
10:33

An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation

Published on: February 27, 2019

8.6K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Polar metals are rare due to ferroelectricity and metallicity incompatibility.
  • Mobile electrons in metals screen electric fields, hindering ferroelectric properties.
  • 2D van der Waals metals show potential for polar order but lack room-temperature reversible ferroelectricity and nonlinear optical responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally realize a room-temperature polar metal with reversible ferroelectricity and nonlinear optical properties.
  • To investigate the origin of spontaneous polarization in multilayer gallenene.
  • To explore the potential applications of this material in advanced electronic and photonic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental synthesis of AB-stacked gallenene (a100) nanocrystals in a liquid gallium environment.
  • First-principles calculations to determine the origin of spontaneous polarization and symmetry.
  • Piezoresponse force microscopy to characterize reversible polarization switching.
  • Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy to demonstrate nonlinear optical response.
  • Fabrication of a two-terminal device to show bipolar resistive switching.

Main Results:

  • Achieved room-temperature ferroelectric polarization in AB-stacked gallenene nanocrystals.
  • Identified broken symmetry in multilayer gallenene as the origin of spontaneous polarization (P1 space group, C1 point group).
  • Demonstrated reversible polarization switching and tunable nonlinear optical response via SHG microscopy.
  • Observed a phase transition at high temperatures and electrical tunability of SHG intensity.
  • Showcased bipolar resistive switching behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Experimental realization of a novel 2D polar metal with room-temperature ferroelectricity and nonlinear optical properties.
  • The findings open new possibilities for 2D ferroelectric materials, piezoelectricity, and topological superconductivity.
  • AB-stacked gallenene presents a promising platform for next-generation electronic and photonic applications.