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Metallic Solids

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....

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Assembling and Modeling Stacked Disordered Metasurfaces.

Miao Chen¹, Amit Sharma^2,3, Johann Michler²

¹LP2N, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Talence 33400, France.

|August 21, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a new method for creating disordered metasurfaces without lithography. These novel nanophotonic devices can change color based on illumination, enabling new applications in optics and encryption.

Keywords:

Metasurfaces cascading disordered encryption nanoparticles thin film

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Area of Science:

Nanophotonics
Metasurface Technology
Optical Engineering

Background:

Disordered metasurfaces exhibit unique optical properties distinct from ordered counterparts.
Traditional metasurfaces often rely on periodic structures, limiting certain functionalities.
Understanding light scattering in disordered systems is crucial for advanced optical devices.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a lithography-free fabrication method for cascaded disordered plasmonic metasurfaces.
To experimentally and theoretically investigate the optical properties of these metasurfaces, including specular and diffuse reflection.
To demonstrate a novel application of disordered metasurfaces in a chromo-encryption device.

Main Methods:

Lithography-free nanofabrication of cascaded disordered plasmonic metasurfaces.
Experimental characterization using bidirectional reflection distribution function (BRDF) for angle-resolved reflection.
Development of theoretical models for analyzing coherent and incoherent scattering phenomena.

Main Results:

Successful fabrication of submicrometer-thick disordered metasurfaces without lithography.
Accurate theoretical models developed for predicting optical responses, even at large incidence angles.
Demonstration of how coherent illumination affects the perceived color of diffusely scattered light.
Realization of a centimeter-scale chromo-encryption device with illumination-dependent color changes.

Conclusions:

Cascaded disordered metasurfaces offer unique optical functionalities beyond traditional thin-film technologies.
The interplay between coherent and incoherent scattering in disordered systems can be harnessed for novel applications.
This work paves the way for advanced nanophotonic platforms utilizing stacked disordered metasurfaces.