Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Positron Emission Tomography

Positron Emission Tomography

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Improving plan quality in adaptive proton therapy using an interactive dose modification tool.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026

Same author

PTCOG Ocular Survey - Perspective on Ocular Particle Therapy: Current Practices and Emerging Trends.

International journal of particle therapy·2026

Same author

Contour assessment tool for quality assurance (CAT-QA) to speed up online adaptive radiotherapy.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026

Same author

Mitigating ocular torsion induced margin loss in ocular proton therapy via collimator rotation.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026

Same author

Predicting dose accumulation reliability at the planning stage, with an application to adaptive proton therapy.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026

Same author

Neural network-driven direct CBCT-based dose calculation for head-and-neck proton treatment planning.

Physics in medicine and biology·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

Iterative reconstruction with a rotating open-ring PET scanner for proton therapy range verification.

Keegan McNamara^1,2, Marina Béguin², Günther Dissertori²

¹Centre for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.

Physics in Medicine and Biology

|August 21, 2025

Summary

This study introduces a rotating open-ring PET scanner and a modified MLEM algorithm for real-time proton therapy monitoring. The system enables field-by-field verification, improving image quality and enabling precise range verification.

Keywords:

Open-ring PET iterative reconstruction proton therapy

More Related Videos

PET and MRI Guided Irradiation of a Glioblastoma Rat Model Using a Micro-irradiator

PET and MRI Guided Irradiation of a Glioblastoma Rat Model Using a Micro-irradiator

Published on: December 28, 2017

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Published on: May 7, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

PET and MRI Guided Irradiation of a Glioblastoma Rat Model Using a Micro-irradiator

PET and MRI Guided Irradiation of a Glioblastoma Rat Model Using a Micro-irradiator

Published on: December 28, 2017

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Published on: May 7, 2021

Area of Science:

Medical Physics
Nuclear Medicine
Radiotherapy Physics

Background:

In-beam positron emission tomography (PET) is crucial for non-invasive proton therapy monitoring.
Open-ring scanner designs are being developed for in-beam PET due to design constraints.
The PETITION project offers opportunities for immediate imaging post-proton therapy delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce computational techniques for reconstructing data from a rotating open-ring PET system for proton therapy verification.
To enable 3D imaging of induced activity for field-by-field verification during proton therapy.
To assess the feasibility of a rotating open-ring PET device for clinical implementation in treatment verification.

Main Methods:

A modified maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) algorithm was developed to handle multiple isotopes with a rotating open-ring PET system.
Pre-calculated system matrices were used for timely reconstructions for inter-field and post-irradiation imaging.
Simulations included a Derenzo-like phantom and the treatment of a superatentorial neoplasm with three fields.

Main Results:

The rotating open-ring design demonstrated improved image quality compared to fixed-position open-ring imaging, comparable to full-ring systems.
Normalized root mean square error was 40-47% lower than fixed open-ring imaging.
The modified MLEM algorithm achieved range verification within 1mm along the beam direction for all fields.

Conclusions:

Imaging with a rotating open-ring PET device offers a clinically feasible approach for proton therapy treatment verification.
The developed modified MLEM algorithm is suitable for low count rate imaging in rotating PET systems.
This technology enables precise, field-by-field verification of proton therapy delivery.