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Related Concept Videos

Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Pain01:20

Pain

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Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
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Nociception01:44

Nociception

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Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Development of Recombinant Proteins to Treat Chronic Pain
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TREM2 and Pain Development: An Old Molecule, a New Target.

Zhenzhen Fan1, Chenshu Huang2, Xu Li2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.

Journal of Neurochemistry
|August 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) plays a dual role in chronic pain by modulating microglial immune responses. Understanding TREM2

Keywords:
TREM2chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuralgiainflammatory painmicrogliamigraineneuropathic pain

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Pain Research

Background:

  • Chronic pain involves complex neuroimmune interactions, with microglia playing a key role in pain modulation.
  • Gaps exist in understanding the transition from acute to chronic pain, microglial changes, and pain resolution.
  • Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is crucial for microglial function and neuroimmune balance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted role of TREM2 in various pain conditions, including neuropathic pain, CIPN, inflammatory pain, and migraine.
  • To elucidate TREM2's contribution to microglial activation and its impact on pain signaling.
  • To highlight TREM2 as a potential therapeutic target for novel analgesic drug development.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of TREM2's function in pain pathways.
  • Analysis of TREM2's role in modulating microglial phenotype and inflammatory responses.
  • Exploration of TREM2's involvement in different pain models and clinical conditions.

Main Results:

  • TREM2 dynamically regulates pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signals, influencing pain perception.
  • TREM2 modulates complement system, phagocytosis, and lipid metabolism, impacting microglial activity in pain.
  • TREM2's specific mechanisms, spatiotemporal dynamics, and gender-specific effects in pain require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • TREM2 is a critical regulator of neuroinflammation in chronic pain states.
  • Further research into TREM2 signaling pathways is essential for developing targeted analgesics.
  • Addressing knowledge gaps in TREM2 function will bridge basic science and clinical applications for pain management.