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Cerebral venous thrombosis: A comprehensive narrative review
1Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Brain Circulation
|August 22, 2025
Summary
Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare stroke cause. Prompt diagnosis and anticoagulation are crucial for managing CVT, preventing severe neurological disability and death.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Vascular Medicine
- Thrombosis Research
Background:
- Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon cause of stroke, representing less than 1% of all stroke cases globally.
- Its pathophysiology is complex, involving thrombosis, blood-brain barrier disruption, and cerebral edema.
- Identified risk factors include genetic predispositions and acquired conditions, with recent evidence linking it to COVID-19 infection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge regarding cerebral venous thrombosis.
- To highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with CVT.
- To consolidate information on CVT pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management.
Main Methods:
- This study is a narrative review of existing literature on cerebral venous thrombosis.
- It synthesizes information from various sources to provide a consolidated understanding of the condition.
- No new experimental data was generated; the review relies on published research and clinical observations.
Main Results:
- Headache is the most frequent clinical symptom of CVT, though presentations vary widely.
- Diagnosis relies on radiological imaging.
- Delayed diagnosis and treatment of CVT can lead to severe complications, including neurological impairment and mortality.
Conclusions:
- Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare but serious condition requiring timely recognition and intervention.
- Effective management hinges on prompt diagnosis through imaging and immediate initiation of anticoagulation therapy.
- Further research and awareness are essential to improve outcomes for patients with CVT.
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