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Updated: Sep 10, 2025

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MicroRNA-mediated autophagy regulation in thyroid cancer drug resistance

Dongye Huang1,2, Qianwen Liu1,2, Chang Liu3,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China.

Cancer Drug Resistance (Alhambra, Calif.)
|August 22, 2025
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and autophagy play dual roles in thyroid cancer drug resistance. Understanding their interactions, like those involving miR-125b, offers new strategies for treating resistant thyroid cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy.
  • Drug resistance remains a major challenge in treating thyroid cancer effectively.
  • Autophagy, a cellular process, has a complex role in thyroid cancer, influencing both survival and cell death.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate relationship between microRNAs (miRNAs) and autophagy in the context of thyroid cancer drug resistance.
  • To highlight specific miRNAs and their impact on autophagy-related genes and pathways.
  • To explore the potential of targeting miRNA-autophagy interactions for novel therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on recent studies of miRNA-autophagy interactions in thyroid cancer.
  • Analysis of key miRNAs (e.g., miR-125b, miR-144, miR-30d, miR-9-5p) and their targets.
  • Examination of the dual role of autophagy in modulating therapeutic resistance.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs critically regulate autophagy by modulating autophagy-related genes (ATGs).
  • miRNA-mediated autophagy can either sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy or promote drug resistance.
  • Specific miRNAs like miR-125b, miR-144, miR-30d, and miR-9-5p are implicated in this process.

Conclusions:

  • The interplay between miRNAs and autophagy is a key determinant of drug resistance in thyroid cancer.
  • Targeting these regulatory networks presents a promising approach to overcome resistance in refractory thyroid cancer.
  • Further research into these complex interactions could lead to innovative therapeutic interventions.
Keywords:
Thyroid cancerautophagydrug resistancemicroRNAtherapeutic targets

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