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Association between Chinese visceral adiposity index and heart failure in diabetic patients

Shiwei Kang1, Shuohua Chen2, Zuxu Lin1

  • 1School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.

Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
|August 22, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) is linked to a higher risk of heart failure (HF) in diabetic patients. This index is particularly useful for identifying increased HF risk in elderly individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure (HF).
  • Visceral adiposity plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications in diabetic individuals.
  • Accurate risk stratification for HF in diabetic populations is essential for effective prevention and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and the risk of developing heart failure (HF) in patients with diabetes.
  • To compare the predictive capability of CVAI against other established obesity metrics for HF risk.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study (Kailuan Study) included 12,243 diabetic patients followed from 2006 to 2022.
  • Participants were categorized into quartiles based on their CVAI values.
  • Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression, and ROC analysis were employed to assess the relationship between CVAI and HF incidence and its predictive accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Over a median of 15 years, 861 new HF cases were identified.
  • HF incidence demonstrated a significant increasing trend across higher CVAI quartiles (p < 0.05).
  • Higher CVAI levels were independently associated with increased HF risk, with a notable interaction observed in patients aged 60 years and older.

Conclusions:

  • The Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) is an independent predictor of heart failure risk in diabetic individuals.
  • CVAI demonstrates superior predictive accuracy compared to other obesity indices for HF.
  • CVAI is particularly valuable for risk stratification of visceral fat-related HF, especially in elderly diabetic patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Chinese visceral adiposity indexcardiovascular diseasediabetesheart failure

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