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Protists as determinants of the One Health framework
Alejandro Berlinches de Gea1, Julia Walochnik2, Jens Boenigk3,4
1Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands.
The ISME Journal
|August 22, 2025
Summary
Protists, often overlooked, are crucial to the One Health framework connecting human, animal, and environmental health. Their diverse roles significantly impact and can be leveraged to improve all aspects of One Health.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Ecology
- Public Health
Background:
- The One Health framework integrates human, animal, and environmental health.
- Protists, a diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms, play significant but underappreciated roles within this framework.
- Understanding protist influence is essential for a comprehensive One Health approach.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the integral characteristics of protists within the One Health framework.
- To provide examples of both beneficial and detrimental protist effects on human, animal, and environmental health.
- To emphasize the connecting role of protists across One Health elements and explore their potential for enhancement.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research on protists and One Health.
- Analysis of protist characteristics relevant to human, animal, and environmental health.
- Case study examples illustrating protist impacts and connections.
Main Results:
- Protists exhibit diverse phylogenetic, functional, and morphological traits crucial for One Health.
- Examples demonstrate negative impacts (e.g., diseases) and positive impacts (e.g., nutrient cycling) of protists.
- Protists act as key connectors, influencing interactions between humans, animals, and the environment.
Conclusions:
- The vast diversity of protists is fundamental to shaping the One Health landscape.
- Targeting protist functions offers a pathway to improve individual One Health components.
- Leveraging protist roles can enhance the overall connectivity and effectiveness of the One Health approach.
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