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Bone Remodeling

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells

Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells

Published on: May 4, 2018

Bone Augmentation of Atrophic Alveolar Ridges Using a Synthetic Bone Substitute With Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A

Mariano Sanz¹, Cecilie Gjerde², Bjørn Tore Gjertsen^3,4

¹Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Periimplant Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.

Clinical Oral Implants Research

|August 22, 2025

Summary

This study shows a new cell therapy significantly improves bone volume for severe jaw defects, enabling successful dental implants. The regenerative approach offers a safe alternative to traditional bone grafts.

Keywords:

alveolar ridge augmentation bone regeneration cell therapy mesenchymal cells dental implants

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Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells

Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells

Published on: May 4, 2018

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Published on: August 13, 2019

Technique for Isolation and Culture of Rat Jaw Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Technique for Isolation and Culture of Rat Jaw Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: May 31, 2024

Area of Science:

Regenerative medicine
Oral and maxillofacial surgery
Biomaterials science

Background:

Severe alveolar bone defects pose challenges for dental implant placement.
Autogenous bone block grafting is a conventional but invasive treatment.
Novel cell-based therapies offer potential for enhanced bone regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a cell-based therapy for 3D bone augmentation.
To compare cell therapy with autogenous bone grafting for alveolar defects.
To assess the suitability of regenerated bone for dental implant integration.

Main Methods:

Phase 2 randomized controlled trial comparing cell therapy with autogenous bone grafts.
Cell therapy involved expanded autologous mesenchymal stem cells on a synthetic scaffold.
Bone volume changes assessed by CBCT scans at 5 months post-surgery.

Main Results:

Cell therapy group showed significantly greater bone volume gain (mean difference 480.01 mm³).
Mean bone crest volume increase was higher in the cell therapy group (1066.91 mm³) vs. control (586.9 mm³).
All implants successfully integrated in both groups with minor adverse effects.

Conclusions:

Cell-based therapy effectively augments bone volume in severe alveolar defects.
This regenerative approach enables successful dental implant placement.
The cell therapy demonstrated a favorable safety profile with minimal morbidity.