Evaluating Gender Disparities in Cardiothoracic Surgery through the Lens of Industry-Surgeon Partnerships
View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Female cardiothoracic surgeons receive significantly less industry funding and participate in fewer transactions than their male counterparts. Addressing these disparities is crucial for career advancement and innovation in the field.
Area Of Science
- Cardiothoracic Surgery
- Medical Economics
- Gender Studies in Medicine
Background
- Gender disparities persist in cardiothoracic surgery, impacting compensation, training, and leadership.
- Industry partnerships are vital for career advancement, yet gender differences in these collaborations are understudied.
Purpose Of The Study
- To analyze gender disparities in industry payments and partnerships among cardiothoracic surgeons.
- To identify patterns in these disparities based on transaction type and geographic region.
Main Methods
- Retrospective analysis of Open Payments Database (OPD) data from 2016-2022.
- Examined industry payments to cardiothoracic surgeons, stratified by surgeon gender, payment type, and region.
Main Results
- Female surgeons (8.3% of workforce) received only 2.2% of total industry transaction dollars ($230M).
- Female surgeons earned significantly less (median $1,582 vs. $3,124) and had fewer transactions (median 13 vs. 29).
- Disparities varied by region (Midwest highest gap) and payment type, with underrepresentation in consulting and education.
Conclusions
- Female cardiothoracic surgeons have less engagement with industry in both volume and value of transactions.
- Equitable access to industry partnerships is essential for career advancement and innovation in cardiothoracic surgery.
- Targeted efforts are needed to address regional and payment-specific disparities.

