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GmAIR12-5 governs soybean nodule development associated with phosphorus availability.

Yuxiu Qin1, Huaikang Ruan1, Kang Chen1

  • 1Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Low Carbon Agricultural Green Inputs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou City, 510642, China.

Journal of Plant Physiology
|August 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

GmAIR12-5 enhances soybean growth and nitrogen fixation under low phosphorus conditions. This gene promotes nodule development by reducing reactive oxygen species, improving plant adaptation to nutrient deficiency.

Keywords:
Auxin-induced root 12-5Low-phosphorus adaptationNodule nitrogen fixationNutrient absorptionSoybean growth

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Low phosphorus bioavailability limits nitrogen fixation in legume nodules.
  • The role of auxin-induced root 12 (AIR12) in nodule adaptation to phosphorus deficiency is unknown.
  • Soybean nodule development is sensitive to phosphorus availability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of GmAIR12-5 in soybean nodule adaptation to phosphorus deficiency.
  • To determine if GmAIR12-5 regulates nodule development and nutrient uptake under low phosphorus conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Hydroponic experiment with soybean (Glycine max) under varying phosphorus levels.
  • Phylogenetic analysis and expression pattern analysis of GmAIR12-5.
  • Overexpression and suppression of GmAIR12-5 in soybean.
  • Measurement of plant growth, nodule development, nitrogen and phosphorus content, and reactive oxygen species levels.

Main Results:

  • Phosphorus deficiency restricted soybean growth and nodule development.
  • Overexpression of GmAIR12-5 increased plant growth, nitrogen and phosphorus acquisition, and big nodule formation under low phosphorus.
  • Suppression of GmAIR12-5 reduced plant growth and nutrient absorption.
  • GmAIR12-5 overexpression down-regulated superoxide anion content and enhanced infected cell numbers under low phosphorus.

Conclusions:

  • GmAIR12-5 plays a crucial role in soybean nodule development and adaptation to phosphorus deficiency.
  • GmAIR12-5 promotes nodule development by mitigating reactive oxygen species accumulation.
  • This study enhances understanding of AIR12 function in legume crops.