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Key predictors of mortality in Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever: a retrospective multicentre cohort study

Deniz Güllü1, Defne Yigci2, Nurcan Baykam3

  • 1School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Türkiye; Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University, Istanbul, Türkiye; Koç University İşbank Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Koç University, Istanbul, Türkiye.

Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
|August 23, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Age and diabetes are key predictors of mortality in Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF). Early ribavirin treatment may improve survival rates for CCHF patients.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral disease with significant mortality.
  • Identifying predictors of mortality is crucial for effective patient management and resource allocation.
  • Understanding demographic and clinical features of CCHF patients in Türkiye is essential for regional health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key predictors of mortality in hospitalized Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) patients in Türkiye.
  • To characterize the demographic and clinical profile of CCHF patients.
  • To evaluate the impact of early ribavirin administration on CCHF patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 1103 laboratory-confirmed CCHF patients across 18 hospitals in Türkiye (2019-2024).
  • Data collected via an online system, including demographic, clinical, and treatment information.
  • Statistical analyses included univariate and time-dependent Cox regression to identify mortality predictors.

Main Results:

  • The study included 1103 CCHF patients; 5.1% (56/1103) mortality rate was observed.
  • Age ≥50 years (OR=3.1) and diabetes mellitus (OR=4.49) were significant predictors of increased mortality.
  • Early ribavirin administration (≤96 hours) was significantly associated with reduced mortality (aHR=0.21).

Conclusions:

  • Age and comorbidities like diabetes mellitus are significant predictors of mortality in CCHF patients.
  • Early identification of high-risk patients and timely intervention are critical for improving outcomes.
  • Early administration of ribavirin shows promise in reducing CCHF-related mortality.
Abstract

Keywords:
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF)Disease severityMortalityRibavirinRisk factors

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